Contents №1-2015
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PSYCHOLOGY OF DEVELOPMENT
SELF-CONCEPT’S PSYCHOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF SCHOOLCHILDREN – ACTIVE AND PASSIVE GAMERS
Pahomova V. G. P.6-17
Key words: self-concept, virtual reality, schoolchild, identification, active gamer.
Abstract:The article is devoted to analysis of a gaming virtual reality’s influence on development of components of schoolchildren’s self-concept. There was examined an assumption about the difference between self-concept’s components of schoolchildren — active and passive gamers. The group of active gamers consisted of 98 children aged from 7,5 to 10 years (an aver-age experience in 3D-Action, role computer games — 3 years, usage — in average 1+0,2 hour daily). The group of passive gamers consisted of 117 children aged from 6 to 10 (an average experience in computer games, mainly without participation effect — 1 year, usage in average 30 minutes every 2–3 days). Self-evaluation techniques “Ladder” (modified by S. G. Jakobson and V. G. Shhur) and “Who am I?” (authors — M. Kun, T. V. Rumjanceva) and also a projective technique “A nonexistent animal” were used. An empirical study resulted in conclusion that computer games, being a significant kind of activity for children, lead to some changes in self-concept. Particularly, the self-concept of active gamers is characterized by more indefinite description of “physical self-concept”, “virtual self-concept” is closer to “ideal self-concept”. Passive gamers are characterized by more differentiated self-concept, they become self-aware through the sphere of relationship more often, they have an optimal balance of personal and social identities in self-descriptions. Due to psychographics correlation active gamers show an evidence of egocentrism and low-esteem more often in comparison with the group of passive gamers. It is reasonable to suppose that schoolchildren-active gamers have a feeling of danger in objective reality and it lays the ground for falling into a fantasy world, the world of virtual reality.
SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
SIMULACRUM OF PSYCHOLOGICAL SAFETY IN ACTIVITIES OF THE ORGANIZATION
Krasnyanskaya T. M., Tylets V. G. P.18-30
Key words: security, corporate security, psychological security, simulacrum, personnel, innovation, promotion, image.
Abstract:The article considers the psychological safety as an important aspect of corporate security. Under the corporate security it means characteristic of the specific state of the organization, allowing it to operate stably, on the one hand, and not to reduce the development towards a key goal for it, on the other hand. The specific objective of the article is to analyze the simulacra of psychological safety in the organization. Under the simulacra of psychological safety in the organization we refer to psychic phenomena, the essence of which is not compatible with the objectives of providing psychological well-being of employees and reproduction of sustainable functioning and development of the organization. The category of simulacra of psychological security is ranked as a subject formed by images of the organization, which have high appeal for him, but actually have a negative impact on the state of corporate security. In the empirical part of the study by the method of peer review it is identified and characterized innovating, stimulating and image types of simulacra of psychological safety in the organization. On a sample (n = 458), which includes employees of commercial, educational, transport and repair organizations in age from 25 to 55 years the scaling of components developed in typology of simulacra and the real state of psychological safety of organization is realized. It was found that the degeneration of positive perceptions, needs and values of staff regarding innovation, stimulating the practice and image of the organization, is associated with certain personality traits. These qualities of the survey was the low level of psychological readiness of personnel to innovation in the organization (measured by self-assessment), adaptive capacity and neuro-psychological stability of personnel (measured using a multi-level personality questionnaire “Adaptabilit y” by A. G. Maklakov and S. V. Chermyanin). It is concluded that the possibility of raising the level of corporate security is possible through overcoming simulacra of psychological security.
SOCIAL PRACTICES
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE IMAGE OF THE COUNTRIES IN THE RUSSIAN AND TAIWANESE ONLINE COMMUNITIES
Krutiy I. A., Krasina O. V.., Lozovaya A. A., Liao Da Chi, San Yin Hwang, Chen Bo Yu P.31-47
Key words: the image of the state, the Internet community, Russia, Taiwan, mental models, network analysis, sentiment analysis, Russia, Taiwan, China, Japan, mental models, network analysis, sentiment analysis, cooperation, economics development, interaction.
Abstract:The core of the article is the results of the first transnational and interdisciplinary Russian-Taiwanese research project on the themes of national identity and online image of the countries. To obtain presents in the article results of the Russian and Taiwanese researchers have developed their own methodology for the analysis of unstructured textual information. Russian researchers used a method of constructing a mental model, network and cluster analysis, and the method of sentiment analysis. Taiwanese scientists were used for analy-ses of text arrays latent Dirichlet distribution (LDA) and the method of sentiment analysis.
The object of the analysis was the statements (comments, posts) members of online com-munities of Russia and Taiwan. The results obtained allowed to identify a comparable subject, leading concepts that directly affect the formation of online image of the country among the participants, who discussed the events associated with the image of their own country (Russia, Taiwan), as well as neighboring countries such as China, Japan. Identified themes related to the discussion of the interaction of their own country with the leading countries of the West and the Pacific, territorial disputes, the prospects of cooperation, trade, export opportunities, as well as regional development, technology development and partnership. The analysis of text information in the Internet community for several years has enabled us to determine the temporal dynamics of the image of the country, to determine the sustainable theme, constantly discussed and considered in the study as “core” online image of the country in discussions of the Internet users. Were the permanent key concepts of “core elements” and the dynamics of changes in their tone (emotional coloring).
UN/SUSTAINABILITY OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIPS: SOME NOTES AFTER A PILOT SURVEY
Oberemko O. A., Silaeva V. L. P.48-59
Key words: social entrepreneurship, financial and organizational stability.
Abstract:The paper reveals some aspects of social entrepreneurs’ contextual relationship, taking into account their multifaceted nature shaping in line with the task of solving social problems at the crossroads of market, not-for-profit and state institutions. Take into account a fuzzy nature of “social enterprise” as a phenomenon and concept, the authors use its working definition by the International Association “Ashoka”.
The analysis is based on the data of a trial self-administered questionnaire survey. As the sampling frame we used the database of the fellows of Ashoka’s International network — a largest organization supporting the leaders of social entrepreneurship worldwide. From May to November of 2012128 filled online questionnaires were received from 38 countries; the choice of English or Spanish was optional. The used sampling procedures and the response rate of the completed questionnaires are partly predetermined by methodical limitations of Internet research and the very nature of the subject matter explored.
Apart with testing a global data collecting procedure, the survey allowed testing several hypotheses on financial and organizational sustainability, and pro-business attitudes of the glob-ally recognized leaders of the social entrepreneurship. Particularly it is found that financial sustainability of a social enterprise depends on a scale of diversified demand for manufactured goods and services: a social enterprise is more stable if its customers belong, at least, to some two from the three economy sectors: public sector, private (commercial) sector, nonprofit sector with individual clients. The vast majority of social entrepreneurs expressed their strong orientation of doing business; only about one in ten have financial assistance from the government or charitable organizations as the main condition for organizational and/or financial stability.
Supported by the association «Ashoka» social entrepreneurship movement is clearly a glob-al task initiative. Two out of three social-enterprises created by their own efforts; others — with the support of partner non-profit and commercial organizations.
SOCIAL INSTITUTES AND PROCESSES
TRANSFORMATION OF RUSSIAN SOCIETY: RETROSPECTION OF THE PROBLEMS OF POST-SOVIET RUSSIA
Gomcjan O. A. P.60-77
Key words: transformation, systemic crisis, reform, social regress, technological degradation.
Abstract: The article dwells on the topic of transformational processes in the society that take place in the territory of the post-Soviet Russia, impact of the transformations on education, different theoretical approaches to this transformation. The author defines two directions of transformation: technological and social, which make the issues of social relations participants’ adaptation urgent. Five transformation models are analyzed: model of “market socialism”, model of corporate statism, and model of “velvet revolution”, model of “shock therapy” and “romantic model ”. V. A. Jadov’s point of view on the transformations in Russian society connected with the notion of the “dynamic chaos” is reviewed.
Insights of M. Deljagin, S. Glaz'ev, A. Buzgalin and other researchers employing the methods of world-system analysis (A. Frank, I. Wallerstein) are highlighted. Here transformation acts as a reflection of the world globalization tendencies, colliding with social and cultural context. The author considers B. Kagarlickij’s idea, focused on «bureaucratic capitalism» term. “Bureaucratic capitalism” gives rise to “periphery capitalism” that is essentially characterized by restoration and scene change with the contents remaining invariable; it is connected with a lag that occurred during the transition of a country from the «core» to the periphery.
Main difficulty is that Russia is too developed for a periphery country. Industrially developed Western countries need Russia only as a supplier of natural resources and market outlet.
Russia is in the period of protracted crisis that has systemic character. There are neither modern social institutions, nor civil society established in the state. Human resource potential of the country has significantly decreased in the crisis environment. It is caused by Russia’s gaining periphery status in the world after a period of turbulent changes that had the society involved into the processes on the world arena connected with globalization.
POLITICAL REGIONALISM
SEPARATISM IN CONTEMPORARY ITALY: FACTORS OF DEVELOPMENT, INSTITUTIONALIZATION, POLITICAL STRATEGIES
Baranov A. V. P.78-90
Key words: separatism, contemporary Italy, factors of development, institutionalization, political strategies.
Abstract:The article is dedicated to determination of the features of separatism in contemporary Italy in 1990–2014. The work is based on historical approach of new institutional economics. The factors influencing the choice of institutional structure and the political strategies of the separatist parties are defined. They include the belated and fragile nation-building, economic and sociocultural weakness of the state integration, influence of globalization and European integration. The features of the activity of the separatist forces in different regions: the north of the country (including Venice, South Tyrol), Sardinia, South, are revealed. Institutional forms of the separatist organizations, their growing support in public opinion are identified. The fragmentation of the party system is proved to blur the line between the organizational forms of parties and movements, and increase the chances of new regional parties. Political strategies of the separatist parties are specified. Northern League alternates strategies of federalization and separatism, depending on the phase of the macroeconomic cycle and the ratio of party coalitions. Venice independence party, the Sardinian Action Party and the Union of South Tyrolean Shooters have opted for radical secessionist strategies. Italian parties and movements are characterized by the growing use of information technologies like online referendums and groups in social networks to promote their strategies.
REVIEWS
SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE “PERSONAL IDENTITY: CHALLENGES OF THE PRESENT”
Kovaleva N. V. P.91-93
THE PURPOSE OF THE AMERICAN COMMUNITY COLLEGE SYSTEM: A STATE OF MARYLAND PERSPECTIVE
Botkin M. A. P.94-97